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罗斯，南极洲最大的冰架，正在融化，对未来充满恐惧。_我的网站

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A | 据《北京时间》1月15日报道，人们对南极冰川融化的担忧主要集中在迅速融化的西海岸，那里的冰川融化会使全球海平面升高4.3英尺。

Caption: View of iPhones at a store in Shanghai on August 5, 2026 Photo: VCG

View of iPhones at a store in Shanghai on August 5, 2026 Photo: VCG
After media reports saying that US tech firm Apple has been testing memory chips from Chinese chipmaker ChangXin Memory Technologies (CXMT) across product lines including iPhones and MacBooks, Chinese experts said on Monday that Apple may seek to adopt memory chips from CXMT to control rising costs for its electronic devices despite obstruction by some US politicians.
If the report is true, the move would not only underscore the technological leap and rising global competitiveness of China's semiconductor sector, but also demonstrate that deeper supply‑chain integration among multinationals is an irreversible trend, experts noted.
Apple has held early talks with CXMT about supplying components with the goal of using them in some devices sold in China, The Wall Street Journal reported on Sunday, citing people familiar with the matter. "Apple hopes to win the White House's blessing to do business with the Chinese company," the report stated.
Laptop makers HP and Acer have begun using memory chips from CXMT in devices sold outside the US to alleviate ongoing memory supply strain, people familiar with the matter said, according to the report.
Both companies didn't reply when reached by the Global Times on Monday for comment.
"Amid a sizable global memory supply crunch, Apple is forced to widen its supplier base to contain rising costs. Thus, despite heavy US political pressure, it is highly likely to adopt CXMT chips," Ma Jihua, a veteran technology industry analyst, told the Global Times on Monday.
In June, Apple raised iPad and MacBook prices, saying it could no longer shield customers from soaring memory and storage chip costs driven by the AI industry's datacenter buildout, Reuters reported.
Against this backdrop, CXMT has emerged as a potential counterweight to these cost pressures. The company's shares closed up 465.82 percent on its July 27 market debut, giving it a market capitalization of over 3.2 trillion yuan ($471.2 billion), becoming one of the world's largest producers of dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) and the most valuable listed company on the A-share market.
"Represented by CXMT, a batch of Chinese hard-tech firms constantly focus on innovations in recent years. Their product performance and supply capacity are steadily approaching international advanced levels, attracting an increasing number of market-driven multinationals to actively embed themselves in China's supply chains," Bao Jianyun, dean and professor of the Department of International Politics at the School of International Studies at Renmin University of China, told the Global Times on Monday.
China's exports of integrated circuits (ICs) reached $216.02 billion in the first seven months of 2026, up 99.5 percent year-on-year, according to data released by the General Administration of Customs (GAC) on Friday.
Prompted by the rapid development of integrated circuit technologies and the need to better meet market demands, China recently issued revised regulations on the protection of IC layout-designs. Scheduled to take effect on October 15 this year, the regulation aims to strengthen the protection and application of layout-designs and improve registration and management systems by elevating proven practices into regulations, while also aligning with relevant laws and international treaties.
These institutional upgrades, paired with policies to boost domestic demand and improve market access, are reinforcing China's appeal as a stable anchor for global semiconductor investment.
Samsung Electronics and SK Hynix are evaluating chipmaking equipment from China's Advanced Micro-Fabrication Equipment for possible use at their Chinese factories, three people familiar with the matter ‌said, as the South Korean firms hedge against the risk of tighter US export controls, Reuters reported on August 5.
"If these reports are true, the trend once again shows that it's an irreversible historical tide for multinationals to expand cooperation with Chinese firms according to market principles. The US side's political attempt to build 'small yard, high fence' and push 'decoupling' is doomed," Bao said.
The rise of Chinese-made memory chips and recent tech innovations - including Unitree Robotics' humanoid robots and Moonshot's Kimi K3 - underscore that unilateral US sanctions cannot prevent Chinese technological iteration, nor can protectionism block open cooperation, the expert said.
。但新的研究表明，长期以来被认为稳定的巨大罗斯冰架正在融化，并可能带来更大的风险：一旦被罗斯冰架阻塞的冰川将更快地滑入海洋，或缓慢地上升38英尺。研究人员怀疑，其他重要的冰架也可能存在风险。俄勒冈州科瓦利斯的物理海洋学家劳里·帕德曼说：“我主要担心的是大型冰架的融化和崩塌的可能性还没有得到足够的重视。

B | 这些冰架没有受到重视，因为没有太多变化的迹象。但在100年的时间尺度上，它们可能会发生巨大的变化。帕德曼为西雅图一家名为“地球与空间研究”的非营利性机构工作。南极洲脆弱的支撑系统，罗斯冰架，是世界上最大的冰架。它位于离新西兰最近的南极洲一侧，大约是西班牙的一半大小，平均厚度约1300英尺。罗斯冰架是许多从南极洲边缘延伸到海洋的冰架之一。大约90%的冰架被海水淹没。这些冰架的融化对全球海平面没有直接影响，因为冰已经与周围的水平衡。但是冰架减缓了大陆冰川的流动，否则冰川会更快地滑入海洋，导致海平面上升。冰架可以阻挡地面冰的观点不仅在理论上可行，而且可以通过实例加以证明。2002年，南极洲的拉森B冰架在不到一个月的时间里就破裂了，随后，一些邻近的冰川以高达8倍的速度加速滑入海洋。利兹大学冰川学家安娜·霍格说，拉森B冰架的解体震惊了科学界，因为没人知道冰架会这么快消失。这是由冰架表面形成的一个水池引发的，在那里水渗入裂缝并迫使裂缝膨胀，这一过程被称为水力压裂。水力压裂是造成南极冰损失的两种机制之一。另一种机制是当深海暖流在冰架下流动，侵蚀与陆地相连的“接地线”。帕德曼说，南极洲西岸较小的阿蒙森海冰架也发生了类似的情况。过去26年的卫星测量显示，这些冰架正在下沉，有些正在以每年7米（约23英尺）的速度变薄。结果，由冰架支撑的冰川迅速流入海洋，使全球海平面上升4英尺以上。卫星对一种新的融化方式的测量表明，罗斯冰架在过去几十年里一直保持稳定，有些部分甚至变得越来越厚。在过去的四年里，帕德曼参与了一个叫做罗塞塔冰的多机构合作项目，以更密切地研究玫瑰冰架。

C | 他在上个月在华盛顿举行的美国地球物理联盟会议上介绍了该项目的一些初步发现。Rosetta冰项目的研究人员开发了一个控制罗斯冰架的相关因素的计算机模型，包括季节条件、洋流以及邻近大陆的冰和基岩结构。该模型是基于罗塞塔冰团队使用安装在飞机和潜艇机器人上的仪器收集的数据。结果表明，冰架西北部的一个点正在以研究人员从未见过的方式融化，既没有水力断裂，也没有深海暖流侵蚀接地线。相反，罗斯冰架的问题在于，冰架前面的海面附近有大量的季节性温水。在冬季，一层比实际冰架薄得多的海冰覆盖了冰架前面的海洋。但是在夏天，海冰融化，深色海水吸收太阳能，导致下面的水变暖。这些温暖的地表水侵蚀了罗斯冰架的西北角，侵蚀了冰唇下方的冰，并导致小冰山从边缘断裂。霍格指出，帕德曼的声明表明，通过冰架的倒塌，罗斯冰架前端的某些部分有很高的融化速度，这与你通常看到的接地线相反。

D | 霍格没有参与这项研究。这对海平面意味着什么？消失的冰盖目前正被从大陆流下的冰川所取代，因此冰架没有变薄。然而，帕德曼指出，随着气候持续变暖，冰原开始变薄，目前的预测没有考虑到罗塞塔冰研究小组观察到的过程。帕德曼还说，大多数被罗斯冰架阻塞的冰川短期内不太可能融化，部分原因是它们也被下面的山脉和山谷所阻塞。但是罗斯冰川融化的一角正好位于大陆上一个特别脆弱的冰带的前面。如果冰架变薄，它将影响流入海洋的冰量。